Publications

Beyond Exact: Tight WCET Analysis of GPU Kernels with Branch Divergence

Shuai Zhao, Chen Jie, Yaowei Liang, Mingyue Cui, Xiaotian Dai, Nan Chen

(DAC'26) Design Automation Conference · 2026

When Memory Matters: An Evaluation of LSTM-Based Multi-Agent Learning for Multi-Intersection Traffic Signal Control

Yingyi Kuang, George Vogiatzis, Xiaotian Dai, Maria Chli

(ITSC'26) IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems · 2026

CAFT-RS: Fault-Tolerant Resource Sharing Protocols with Diverse Preemption Schemes

Nan Chen, Xiaotian Dai, Tong Cheng, Alan Burns, Iain Bate, Shuai Zhao

(TPDS) IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems · 2026

A cache-aware DAG scheduling method on multicores: Exploiting node affinity and deferred executions

Huixuan Yi, Yuanhai Zhang, Zhiyang Lin, Haoran Chen, Yiyang Gao, Xiaotian Dai, Shuai Zhao

(JSA) Journal of Systems Architecture · 2025

Paper

Criticality-aware Scheduling and Path Planning for Fault-Tolerant Cooperative Multi-Robot Systems

James Sutton, Xiaotian Dai

(TAROS'25) Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems Conference · 2025

LEFT-RS: A Lock-Free Fault-Tolerant Resource Sharing Protocol for Multicore Real-Time Systems

Nan Chen, Xiaotian Dai, Tong Cheng, Alan Burns, Iain Bate, Shuai Zhao

(RTSS'25) IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium · 2025

Outstanding Paper Award

Paper

A Hybrid Approach to Refine WCRT Bounds for DAG Scheduling Using Anomaly Classification

Nan Chen, Xiaotian Dai , Alan Burns , Iain Bate

(TC) IEEE Transactions on Computers · 2025

Paper

Special edition on resource partitioning for modern multicore systems

Ian Gray, Xiaotian Dai

(RTSJ) Real-Time Systems Journal · 2024

Chapter

Graceful Degradation with Condition- and Inference-aware for Mixed-Criticality Scheduling in Autonomous Systems

Jie Zou, Xiaotian Dai, John McDermid

(RAGE'23) Real-time And intelliGent Edge computing workshop (RAGE 2023 @ CPS-IoT Week) · 2023

Paper

Many-Core Real-Time Network-on-Chip I/O Systems for Reducing Contention and Enhancing Predictability

Zhe Jiang, Xiaotian Dai, Shuai Zhao, Ran Wei, Ian Gray

(RAGE'23) Real-time And intelliGent Edge computing workshop (RAGE 2023 @ CPS-IoT Week) · 2023

Paper

Reducing Loss of Service for Mixed-Criticality Systems through Cache- and Stress-Aware Scheduling

Benjamin Lesage, Xiaotian Dai, Shuai Zhao, Iain Bate

(RTNS'23) International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems · 2023

Paper

Cache-Aware Allocation of Parallel Jobs on Multi-cores based on Learned Recency

Shuai Zhao, Xiaotian Dai, Benjamin Lesage, Iain Bate

(RTNS'23) International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems · 2023

Paper

Context-aware Graceful Degradation for Mixed-Criticality Scheduling in Autonomous Systems

Jie Zou, Xiaotian Dai, John A McDermid

(TCAD) IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems · 2023

Paper

NPRC-I/O: A NoC-based Real-Time I/O System with Reduced Contention and Enhanced Predictability

Zhe Jiang, Xiaotian Dai, Ran Wei, Ian Gray, Zonghua Gu, Qingling Zhao, Shuai Zhao

(TCAD) IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems · 2023

Paper

Evolvement of Scheduling Theories for Autonomous Vehicles

Wanli Chang, Nan Chen, Shuai Zhao, Xiaotian Dai

Springer · 2023

Chapter

Discretization and Stabilization of Energy-based Controller for Period Switching Control and Flexible Scheduling

Seyed A. Tafrishi, Xiaotian Dai, Yasuhisa Hirata, Alan Burns

(ACC'22) American Control Conference · 2022

PaperSlides

Resilience-aware Mixed-criticality DAG Scheduling on Multi-cores for Autonomous Systems

Zou Jie, Xiaotian Dai, John A. McDermid

(AEiC'22) International Conference on Reliable Software Technologies · 2022

PaperSlidesPoster

DAG Scheduling and Analysis on Multi-core Systems by Modelling Parallelism and Dependency

Shuai Zhao, Xiaotian Dai, Iain Bate

(TPDS) IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems · 2022

Paper

reTSN: Resilient and Efficient Time-Sensitive Network for Automotive In-Vehicle Communication

Zou Jie, Xiaotian Dai, John McDermid

(TCAD) IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems · 2022

Paper

Using Digital Twins in the Development of Complex Dependable Real-Time Embedded Systems

Xiaotian Dai, Shuai Zhao, Benjamin Lesage, Iain Bate

(ISoLA'22) 11th International Symposium On Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation · 2022

PaperSlides

A High-Resilience Imprecise Computing Architecture for Mixed-Criticality Systems

Zhe Jiang, Xiaotian Dai, Alan Burns, Neil Audsley, Zonghua Gu, Ian Gray

(TC) IEEE Transactions on Computers · 2022

Paper

A High-Resilience Imprecise Computing Architecture for Mixed-Criticality Systems

Zhe Jiang, Xiaotian Dai, Alan Burns, Neil Audsley, Zonghua Gu, Ian Gray

(WMC'22) 9th Workshop on Mixed-Criticality Systems (WMC 2022 @ RTSS) · 2022

(*) Invited paper

Paper

Line-Circle-Square (LCS): A Multilayered Geometric Filter for Edge-Based Detection

Seyed A. Tafrishi, Xiaotian Dai, Vahid E. Kandjani

(RAS) Robotics and Autonomous Systems · 2021

PaperVideoCode

Towards an Analysable, Scalable, Energy-Efficient I/O Virtualization for Mixed-Criticality Systems

Zhe Jiang, Xiaotian Dai, Pan Dong, Ran Wei, Dawei Yang, Neil Audsley, Nan Guan

(TCAD) IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems · 2021

Paper

Brief Industry Paper: Digital Twin for Dependable Multi-Core Real-Time Systems --- Requirements and Open Challenges

Xiaotian Dai, Shuai Zhao, Iain Bate, Alan Burns, Xing Guo, Wanli Chang

(RTAS'21) IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium · 2021

Paper

HIART-MCS: High Resilience and Approximated Computing Architecture for Imprecise Mixed-Criticality Systems

Zhe Jiang, Xiaotian Dai, Neil Audsley

(RTSS'21) 42th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium · 2021

PaperCode

Period Adaptation of Real-Time Control Tasks with Fixed-Priority Scheduling in Cyber-Physical Systems

Xiaotian Dai, Alan Burns

(JSA) Journal of Systems Architecture · 2020

(*) Accepted and presented at Ada-Europe 2019.

PaperCode

All in One Network for Driver Attention Monitoring

Dawei Yang, Xinlei Li, Xiaotian Dai, Rui Zhang, Lizhe Qi, Wenqiang Zhang, Zhe Jiang

(ICASSP'20) 45th International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Processing · 2020

Paper

Timing-Accurate General-Purpose I/O for Multi- and Many-Core Systems: Scheduling and Hardware Support

Shuai Zhao, Zhe Jiang, Xiaotian Dai, Iain Bate, Ibrahim Habli, Wanli Chang

(DAC'20) Design Automation Conference · 2020

Paper

Fixed-Priority Scheduling and Controller Co-Design for Time-Sensitive Networks

Xiaotian Dai, Shuai Zhao, Yu Jiang, Xun Jiao, Xiaobo Sharon Hu, Wanli Chang

(ICCAD'20) International Conference on Computer Aided Design · 2020

(*) Best Paper Nomination

PaperVideoCode

DAG Scheduling and Analysis on Multiprocessor Systems: Exploitation of Parallelism and Dependency

Shuai Zhao, Xiaotian Dai, Iain Bate, Alan Burns, Wanli Chang

(RTSS'20) 41th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium · 2020

PaperVideoCode

Model Based System Assurance Using the Structured Assurance Case Metamodel

Ran Wei, Tim Kelly, Xiaotian Dai, Shuai Zhao, Richard Hawkins

(JSS) Journal of Software Systems · 2019

Paper

A Dual-Mode Strategy for Performance-Maximisation and Resource-Efficient CPS Design

Xiaotian Dai, Wanli Chang, Shuai Zhao, Alan Burns

(TECS) ACM Transaction on Embedded Computer System · 2019

(*) Accepted and presented at EMSOFT 2019.

PaperSlidesCode

Flexible and Adaptive Real-Time Task Scheduling in Cyber-Physical Control Systems

Xiaotian Dai

University of York · 2019

(*) Best Thesis Award, Computer Science Department, University of York.

Thesis

MCS-IOV: Real-time I/O Virtualization for Mixed-Criticality Systems

Zhe Jiang, Neil Audsley, Pan Dong, Nan Guan, Xiaotian Dai, Lifeng Wei

(RTSS'19) 40th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium · 2019

Paper

Predicting Worst-Case Execution Times in Long-Lived Real-Time Systems

Xiaotian Dai, Alan Burns

(AEiC'17) International Conference on Reliable Software Technologies · 2017

PaperCode

Visual-Based Localization and Tracking of a UGV with a Quadcopter

Xiaotian Dai

University of Sheffield · 2014

Thesis